The Forever Chemical
Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances - (PFAS) are man-made chemicals used to create a coating on products that resist oil, heat, stains, grease, and water. PFAS are commonly used in everyday household items such as non-stick cooking pans and stain-resistant coating for fabrics and textiles. They are also used in the automotive, construction, and electronic space. The advantage of these chemicals also comes with a great threat. PFAS chemicals never break down in the environment. They can migrate through the air, surface water, groundwater, and soils, contaminating drinking water sources and harming fish and wildlife.
These chemicals remain in our atmosphere and pose serious health risks to humans and the environment. The figure below shows how PFAS are transported in the environment.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey found PFAS in the blood of 97% of Americans. The effects of long-term exposure are still unknown, but PFAs have been found to affect growth and development, cholesterol levels, thyroid function, and immune health and cause even more health issues. In a recent episode of Green Sense Radio with Tasha Stoiber, Senior Scientist from the Environmental Working Group, she explains what can be done to limit exposure to PFAS.
Listen to the episode to learn more.
Even though we cannot completely stop exposure to PFAS, below is a list of everyday household products that are known to contain PFAs so that you can be aware and limit your exposure.
Food Packaging
PFAS chemicals are used to coat paper, plastic, and cardboard packaging used for food wrappers, bags, and boxes.
Fabrics and Textiles
PFAS is often found in clothing, carpets, and furniture. Manufacturers use PFAS to make items stain resistant. It has also been found in a lot of outdoor clothing and gear. Raincoats and tents can be coated in these chemicals to make them water resistant.
Beauty and Personal Care Products
PFAS can be found in various sunscreen, toothpaste, dental floss, cosmetics, face moisturizers, and nail polish. Check out the Skin Deep guide from the Environmental Working Group so you can double-check products before use.
Cookware
Avoid cookware that is marketed as “non-stick.” These pans are coated in chemicals to give them an anti- stick surface. It is also recommended when cooking with a non-stick pan to not let it heat above 450F. When these chemicals reach high temperatures, they can begin to break down and release toxic fumes.